For example, a basketball player taking a jump shot may want to know his or her backwards velocity after releasing the ball to avoid crashing into another player, and the captain of a frigate may want to know the effect the release of a lifeboat has on the ship's forward motion. The facts are listed below. The heavier a handgun is, the more recoil energy it will absorb. respectively, the recoil velocity was 10 and 9 ft/sec. It can be measured or computed empirically and has been for this recoil table. ... Divide that number by 3500(constant). Before solving this problem, it's necessary to express all quantities in consistent units. = 600 600/4000 = 0.15 Speed of recoil = 0.15 m/s I have no idea if this is correct, please please give me a pointer in the right direction? First I thought I would have to convert both masses so they are in the same units, so I converted 4kg to 4000g. All the above is concerned with the velocity of the gun's recoil, which tells us very little about the actual force, or more correctly, the energy of the recoil. Weights are expressed in the same units, so there is no need for conversion. star. Here, this opposing force created by the shot is recoil. star half outlined. Before going to the calculation part, you have to consider some facts. Basically, this equation takes into account the mass and velocity of the shot and wad, the mass of the propellant, and the mass of the gun. It is non linear,but gives a good comparison of things. The law of conservation of momentum, derived from Newton's Laws of Motion, provides a simple equation for calculating recoil speed. Get the Initial Measurement. There is no need to redo those calculations here. It's based on the mass and speed of the ejected body and the mass of the recoiling body. From this thread I took 64.348 X weight of gun in pounds with this formula you can figure free recoil of any gun/load combo per Lyman manual 46th ed.-----Democracy is two wolves and a lamb voting on what is for lunch. Liberty is a well armed lamb contesting the outcome of the vote. Sorry, JavaScript must be enabled.Change your browser options, then try again. The Recoil velocity of a gun calculator computes the velocity at which a gun will move in the opposite direction in relation to the projectile that it fired. In the calculation I plugged in the loaded weight of the guns, since few people carry empty handguns for self-defense. Plug in the right numbers, and you can calculate recoil energy. When a gun exerts a force on a bullet as it’s launching it forward, the law of physics says the bullet will exert an equal force in the opposite direction of the gun. v_R=-\frac{m_B}{m_R}v_B=-\frac{9.72}{3,632}2,820=-7.55\text{ ft/s}. It is difficult to accurately calculate this value because there are an enormous number of variables that will have an effect on the outcome in the real world. m1= mass of gun. Gun weighed 40 oz. Now ain't that better than algebra ? Do not forget that rifle weight is a crucial factor in the recoil equation, inversely proportional to recoil. Using the Conservation of Momentum formula we established that for a 9.375 lb. Recoil velocity = - mass of the bullet*Velocity of the bullet/Mass of the gun. The recoil velocity of a gun is a simple application of the conservation of momentum where the moment of the bullet going away is equal to the momentum of the gun recoil. Pw = powder weight in pounds. In space, where frictional forces are absent, recoil velocity is a critical quantity. This conservation of momentum is why gun recoil occurs in the opposite direction of bullet projection -- the mass times velocity of the projectile in the positive direction equals the mass times velocity of the gun in the negative direction. Basically, this equation takes into account the mass and velocity of the shot and wad, the mass of the propellant, and the mass of the gun. u1,v1= initial and final velocities of gun. Lowering the recoil of the gun will help, but will not cure, a poorly fit gun. Momentum long from: Gun velocity = (bullet mass x bullet velocity) + (powder charge mass x powder charge velocity) / Gun mass x 1000. u1,v1= initial and final velocities of gun. Luke 22-36 That depends on how fast all the stuff is going out the fiery end. Gun Slinger member. The same force is applied to the small bullet that is applied to the much more massive rifle. Plug in the right numbers, and you can calculate recoil energy. After you input the necessary data such as the bullet weight, bullet velocity, powder charge weight, and the firearm weight it will output the recoil impulse, recoil velocity, and the recoil energy of the firearm. heart outlined. Using the law of conservation of linear momentum. So I substituted in the numbers. However, this can be automatically converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu. The Magic Formula: Finding the Power Factor of Ammunition to Reduce Recoil. star. Due to the recoil velocity the shooter experiences a backward jerk. Without knowing those facts, it is not possible to get the exact value of the recoil force but you can get approximate data by using recoil force of gun formula. Recoil Energy in foot pounds = (Bw Mv + 4700 Pw)” / 64.348 Gw where Gw = weight of gun in pounds. Once the velocity of the rifle is calculated, we can calculate the rifle's recoil energy, Erecoil E r e c o i l, which is just the kinetic energy of the rifle: Erecoil = 1 2M rifleV 2 rifle E r e c o i l = 1 2 M r i f l e V r i f l e 2 This seems pretty rough. Joined: Jul 25, 2007 Messages: 777. mnrivrat, "A gun of mass 4.0kg fires a bullet of mass 10g at a speed of 60 m/s. An example commonly cited when explaining this law is that of a speeding car hitting a brick wall. This law is derived from Newton's Laws of Motion. When the gun is fired a bullet is launched forward at high speed and the opposite reaction causes the comparatively much heavier weapon to move in the opposite direction, generally back towards the shooter, though at a proportionately much slower speed. Let m and M be the masses of bullet and gun,respectively. Calculate recoil from muzzle velocity and bullet, powder and rifle weight. In the shooting sports we call that reaction recoil or "kick." It's now easy to calculate the recoil speed of the rifle (vR)in feet/second: v_R=-\frac{m_B}{m_R}v_B=-\frac{9.72}{3,632}2,820=-7.55\text{ ft/s} The minus sign denotes the fact that recoil speed is in the opposite direction to the speed of the bullet. What is the initital speed of recoil of the gun?" A little discussion on how recoil can be increased or decreased. Recoil Energy Calculator. Use this calculator to calculate the recoil on you rifles, handgun, and other firearms. There are many other situations in which it's a useful quantity to know. In a typical recoil situation, the release of a body of smaller mass (body 1) has an impact on a larger body (body 2). When a gun exerts a force on a bullet as it’s launching it forward, the law of physics says the bullet will exert an equal force in the opposite direction of the gun. In fact every projection system experiences a recoil velocity whether it is gun, crossbow, bow and … Here's the magic formula: Bullet Weight x Muzzle Velocity = Power Factor. It’s also called Free Recoil. In other words, you simply square the velocity of recoil, which is easily calculated when we know the weight of the bullet and powder charge and its velocity when exiting from the muzzle. It is possible to measure a shell’s recoil with the help of this unwieldy formula: (mshotvshot + mwadvwad + 4,700 * mpowder) 2/64.348* mgun. u2,v2= initial and final velocities of bullet. Copyright 2021 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Divide that number by gun weight in pounds and you have the recoil factor. Gun owners are often interested in recoil velocity, but they aren't the only ones. To find the power factor of any ammunition, you're going to need to do some research and a tiny bit of math (we promise it's simple!). Then, plug the now known Gun velocity into the translational kinetic energy formula: Recoil energy = 0.5 x Gun mass x Gun velocity 2. m2= mass of bullet. The calculated recoil profiles for each gunpowder are shown in a scatter plot in Figure 2A. How to calculate recoil in a rifle. Chris Deziel holds a Bachelor's degree in physics and a Master's degree in Humanities, He has taught science, math and English at the university level, both in his native Canada and in Japan. Other variables that would affect the calculations include muzzle devices that divert gases to lessen recoil, designs that divert gases to cycle the action, atmospheric conditions, and any number of other small and probably insignificant details. What is the formula of recoil velocity of a gun????? The recoil velocity is the result of conservation of linear momentum of the system. A gun’s recoil, or kickback, is the backward movement a shooter feels when the bullet is discharged. Also keep in mind that the force is not always going to be exerted in a straight line directly opposite the projectile. = 10*60 4000*? The recoil velocity is typically the velocity of body 2 after the release of body 1. It is not foot pounds--it's just a recoil factor and consider above 20 as a kicker. INSTRUCTIONS: Choose units and enter the following: Recoil Velocity (V): The calculator returns the velocity in meters per second. Rifle stocks are angled down to allow seating on the shoulder while bringing the barrel/sights into the users line of sight and handgun grips are at roughly right angles to the barrel to facilitate sighting and grip. Example: Firearm: Mauser 98 chambered in 7 x 57 mm Mauser weighing 4.54 kilograms. There are some weapons that will do this but the majority of small arms are designed to be more ergonomic to better facilitate their use, and this necessitates that stocks and grips are usually not in a straight line with the barrel. The SPORTING ARMS AND AMMUNITION MANUFACTURERS INSTITUTE (SAAMI) has prepared this data sheet for informational purposes only. My recoil formula : The heavier the slug, the higher the velocity, the lighter the gun = more recoil . The rifle, on the other hand, has a mass (mR) of 3,632 grams, since there are 454 grams in a pound. In the shooting sports we call that reaction recoil or "kick." izvoru47 and 77 more users found this answer helpful. Unless there’s a math teacher to yell at you and threaten you with detention you … As I said, it is simple arithmetic and the formula for recoil energy is simply E=1/2 MV Squared, with “M” being mass of the gun and “V” being the recoil velocity. star. Liberty is a well armed lamb contesting the outcome of the vote. Where: M = Mass (or the weight of the firearm, including all attachments such as scopes and suppressors, divided by 32.17) and . The gas velocity constant for these calculations was 4000 fps. Gun Recoil Formulae DISCLAIMER. Recoil energy determines how hard the blow to the hand feels and recoil velocity determines how abrupt the blow feels. m1= mass of gun. gun firing loads or 9/8 and 1 oz. Recoil, commonly referred to as "kick", is the force exerted back towards the shooter. The Magic Formula: Finding the Power Factor of Ammunition to Reduce Recoil. Recoil energy determines how hard the blow to the hand feels and recoil velocity … A couple of comparisons of different cartridges. The car exerts a force on the wall, and the wall exerts a reciprocal force on the car that crushes it. WF = Weight of firearm in pounds Plug all the variables into the equation, and you’ll get a round’s recoil energy. The trick is to figure out the velocity of the recoiling gun. To find the power factor of any ammunition, you're going to need to do some research and a tiny bit of math (we promise it's simple!). His writing covers science, math and home improvement and design, as well as religion and the oriental healing arts. `V = ( "Wt"_"(bullet)" * V )/ "Wt"_"(rifle)" `. u2,v2= initial and final velocities of bullet. You can simply write the speed of the frigate as: This speed is small, but it isn't negligible. It’s easy to appreciate how this applies to the way handguns are designed. It's really that simple! Increase the gun weight by, say, 25% and the recoil goes down by 25%. A gun’s recoil, or kickback, is the backward movement a shooter feels when the bullet is discharged. 2 See answers Kuldeepnehra Kuldeepnehra After firing the bullet, the bullet moves forward with a large momentum and the gun moves backward with equal momentum. They’re chambered for 25 ACP, 22 LR, 22 WMR, and 380 ACP, which are all small cartridges with relatively lightweight bullets and propellant charges. It takes into account the weight of the gun, weight of the ejecta (shot, wad, amount of powder) and the velocity of the ejecta. If both bodies start from rest, the law of conservation of momentum states that m1v1 = -m2v2. The big problem with this formula is that it’s math. The gunpowders with the lowest charge weights (N320 and Titegroup) produce the least recoil and are lowest on the plot. It can be measured or … This velocity is. A railgun is a linear motor device, typically designed as a weapon, that uses electromagnetic force to launch high velocity projectiles. You apply the law of conservation of momentum to find recoil velocity. Mass of gun, = 4 kg, Initial velocity of the gun,, Mass of bullet, = 50 gm = 0.05 kg, Initial velocity of the bullet,, Final velocity of the gun (recoil velocity of gun),, Final velocity of bullet, = –0.4375≈– 0.44 He began writing online in 2010, offering information in scientific, cultural and practical topics. The lighter the slug, the slower the velocity, the heavier the gun = less recoil . “A standard historical method used to quantify gun recoil is to calculate the ‘recoil energy’ that a shooter absorbs when firing a gun. These can be measured or computed empirically and have been for this recoil table. The recoil velocity of a gun is a simple application of the conservation of momentum where the moment of the bullet going away is equal to the momentum of the gun recoil. Thanks, Molly. This angling of stocks and grips on many firearms causes the weapon to rotate about its center of mass (usually seen as muzzle rise or climb) in addition to moving rearwards, thus lessening the force exerted directly rearwards and also the speed at which it moves rearwards. Using the law of conservation of linear momentum. Remember Me? Recoil. m2= mass of bullet. It is possible to measure a shell’s recoil with the help of this unwieldy formula: (mshotvshot + mwadvwad + 4,700 * mpowder) 2/64.348* mgun. And the velocity is then proportional to the ratio of the mass of the bullet to the mass of the rifle. Luke 22-36 V = Velocity of the recoiling firearm, To determine the velocity of the recoiling firearm we can use the formula: = Mathematically, the incident force (FI) equals the force (FR) magnitude and acts in the opposite direction: Newton's Second Law defines force as mass time acceleration. Objective recoil is simply a mathematical formula. Recoil formulas vary slightly and the output can be different than this example based on what values are used as formula constants such as gas velocity. It's really that simple! As you can see from the table, a .45 Caliber 1911, firing normal pressure 230 grain loads should recoil 31% more than a Glock 17, firing normal pressure 9mm 124 grain loads. Go to a gun store and check out the pocket pistols. It's over 1 foot per minute, which is significant if the frigate is near a dock. The formula for the recoil of a gun is: VG = (VB • Bt)/Gn Here's the magic formula: Bullet Weight x Muzzle Velocity = Power Factor. Mv = muzzle velocity in feet per second. 4000*? The gunpowder with the highest charge weight (Accurate #7) produced the most recoil and is highest on the plot. Influences on Recoil. This calculator assumes the simplest possible approximation and will give you a good idea of the velocity of the recoil and thus a notional force of the recoil on the shoulder. The Physics of Everyday Stuff: Gun Recoil, Farmingdale State College: Momentum and Its Conservation. One grain is equal to 64.8 mg, so the bullet has a mass (mB) of 9,720 mg, or 9.72 grams. Explanation of terms. The formula for the recoil of a gun is: When firing a traditional gun that uses expanding gases to propel a projectile out of a barrel there are many forces being exerted. Of course, it’s much easier to just go to one of the online recoil calculators. Ans. Let he that hath no sword sell his garment and buy one. Newton's Third Law states that every applied force has an equal and opposite reaction. The projectile normally does not contain explosives, instead relying on the projectile's high speed, mass, and kinetic energy to inflict damage. mnrivrat, May 7, 2008 #10. Now let’s get into figuring out how the bullet moving forward influences the velocity of the gun heading backward during recoil. Let he that hath no sword sell his garment and buy one. Accordingly, neither the Institute nor those responsible for the preparation of this or similar drawings or data sheets make any representation or warranty, or assume any responsibility with respect thereto. So the final equation for calculating recoil energy is: Recoil Energy = (mshotvshot+ mwadvwad+ 4,700 * mpowder) 2/64.348* mgun where in the numerator we have the mass of the shot times the velocity of the shot plus the mass of the wad times the velocity Do not forget that gun weight is a crucial factor in the recoil equation, inversely proportional to recoil. 64.348 X weight of gun in pounds with this formula you can figure free recoil of any gun/load combo per Lyman manual 46th ed.-----Democracy is two wolves and a lamb voting on what is for lunch. "(Mass of gun)*(Speed of Gun) = (Mass of Bullet)*(Speed of Bullet)" Please correct me if I am wrong here. Gun Recoil Energy Formula g = acceleration of gravity feet-per-second per-second = 32.17405, 2g = 64.35 The above equations assume all powder is burned inside the barrel. The energy of the recoil is calculated by use of the formula. Thanks 45. star. Been some mention of heavy recoil so thought I'd share this formula. Bw = weight of the ejecta (shot and wad) in pounds. This recoil is based on Newton's 3rd Law, for every force there is an equal and opposite force. It's now easy to calculate the recoil speed of the rifle (vR)in feet/second: The minus sign denotes the fact that recoil speed is in the opposite direction to the speed of the bullet. The kinetic energy (KE) of the recoil, or the recoil energy, gives us a much clearer picture of the actual forces involved. That formula may look familiar from High School physics class. Free Recoil Energy is simply kinetic energy and so can be expressed mathematically as - FRE = ½MV2. Acceleration is change in velocity: This allows the Third Law to be rewritten as: This is known as the law of conservation of momentum. In this case the force applied to give the bullet it's velocity leaving the muzzle is directly proportional and opposite to the force propelling the rifle backward from the firing direction.
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