The full-length form is used as part of the diagnostic process through direct links to the DSM-IV-TR. Dr. Amy Marschall is an autistic clinical psychologist with ADHD, working with children and adolescents who also identify with these neurotypes among others. The Conners 4 can be completed on paper or online. ! 0 G The answers show your doctor which ADHD symptoms you might have and how. All scales had moderate sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios for diagnosing ADHD. 0 p{ Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised (S) by C. Keith Conners, Ph.D. 0000009856 00000 n A score higher than 60 may indicate ADHD. However, if you skip several questions, the evaluator might not be able to score all the scales.It is essential to ask the evaluator questions about the measure or your evaluation. 573.6899 56.7915 l Help Desk Answers provides answers to questions submitted by practicing family physicians to the Family Physicians Inquiries Network (FPIN). By combining the answers from all three forms, doctors can begin to paint a picture of a childs behaviors. 573.916 631.776 l 573.814 633.617 l Conners CBRS-P Content Scales: Detailed Scores 7KH IROORZLQJ WDEOH VXPPDUL]HV WKH UHVXOWV RI WKH SDUHQWV DVVHVVPHQW RI 0RQW\ % DQG SURYLGHV JHQHUDO LQIRUPDWLRQ DERXW KRZ KH FRPSDUHV WR WKH QRUPDWLYH JURXS 3OHDVH UHIHU WR WKH Conners CBRS Manual Common Characteristics of High Scorers Raw Guideline Score Scale T-score SEM (Percentile) s) l 3 ) 0 As a result, any changes to scoring involve only the Conners 3 full-length forms (i.e., Conners 3-Parent [Conners 3-P], Conners 3-Teacher [Conners 3-T], and Conners 3-Self-Report [Conners 3-SR]). If you are stuck on a question, you have the choice to skip it. However, some people with ADHD may mask or hide their symptoms and may get a false negative (test results might not be consistent with ADHD). 0000005503 00000 n H\j@ELP+kR@#vrnKyhqr>u9^kn;Seo=7cQ2.]6/SopE#w1>6GW1Mnk7]9{uO';mi.^IX~k]OBba_Wm1xE^={{{xxF 3v1Wj=`}YRKe2/u_ xFw,U{F.Vkg5[ 7(wqUwckjNX :D{VYYw_ w{M%~bkJN{%W(e# o$;Mk6.G/[C QDTSGieo}4Sq\5_ od2%0_3kLNWmK 1@8]S4_)-af1f 1hZ '>=Grhsf5nc5 pz1V>^5otgEY_x_(Lvlo8 m;7E(F dW5H[T2m'J ~K'{)T:gm{YWa>(lF+MuB )}MR)YJ:0 ", Australian Council for Educational Research: "Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales Self-Report: Long Version. It can help diagnose attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 2001. The Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Teacher and Parent Rating Scales also have moderate sensitivity and specificity in elementary schoolaged children. Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats. Scoring for the Conners rating scale is designed to be comprehensive, and measures many behavioral markers, including signs of: Parents may be asked to complete a Conners CBRS after an initial visit to a psychologist. The reference standard was a clinical examination performed by a qualified professional using diagnostic criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 3rd or 4th ed., and corresponding diagnosis codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th or 10th revision. It may also help avoid a misdiagnosis. S azm#)(4!_o~K#0EU?UY,.r? North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems. Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scales (Conners CBRS ) Assessment of social, emotional, behavioral, and academic problems in youth ages 6 to 18 years. Does not pay attention to details or makes careless Each form is worded differently, depending on what it is being used for. endstream endobj 23 0 obj <>/Metadata 20 0 R/Pages 19 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 24 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 25 0 obj <> endobj 26 0 obj <> endobj 27 0 obj <> endobj 28 0 obj <> endobj 29 0 obj <> endobj 30 0 obj <> endobj 31 0 obj <>stream Child Behavior ChecklistAttention Problems Scale, Conners Parent Rating ScaleRevised short form, Conners Teacher Rating ScaleRevised short form, Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire, Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale, Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Teacher Rating Scale. Inquiries should be directed to: Multi-Health Systems, Inc. (MHS) P.O. << /Length 4 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> If you complete a paper form, the evaluator will input your responses into the scoring program. ig-r6-CcuBNiX`t#_,.q!X1AE'DkhC -: Gi(S*3GSWm"N. 02. 03. The answers show your doctor which ADHD symptoms you might have and how serious they are. Older children complete their own rating scale. There are different versions of Conners rating scales. These can include the persons spouse, a close relative, employer and/or colleague. Severe conduct critical items (e.g., weapon use, fire starting, etc.) If the validity scales indicate that the respondent answered inconsistently or possibly over or under-reported their symptoms, the score report will alert the evaluator that this is a possibility. One is an ADHD rating scale, which measures symptoms like inattention and lack of impulse control. Psychiatric Clinics of North Am. %PDF-1.6 % The Conners 3 consists of three standard forms: Parent (Conners 3-P), Teacher (Conners 3-T) and Self-Report (Conners 3-SR). The Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire may be the most effective diagnostic tool for ADHD because of its brevity and high diagnostic accuracy, and the CBCL-AP could be used for more comprehensive assessments. 143 0 obj <>stream https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787. Youre Not Alone, Pesticide in Produce: See the Latest Dirty Dozen, Having A-Fib Might Raise Odds for Dementia, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, MINOCA: The Heart Attack You Didnt See Coming, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, How Doctors Use the Conners Rating Scale. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. 0 T-scores should be discussed directly with a doctor or mental health professional, and no one should try to self-diagnose or diagnose a child on their own. 0000011461 00000 n We will update you as soon as the item is back in our stock. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: B, based on a meta-analysis of observational studies.) MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Finally, the two parties will discuss the recommendations for treatment. All forms can be administered online, by email, or on paper. 15 0 obj <> endobj endstream endobj 34 0 obj <> endobj 35 0 obj <>stream All rights reserved. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, known as ADHD, is a complex condition that can be difficult to diagnose. The scale also indicates whether you have another condition along with ADHD. %%EOF All rights reserved. The Conners 4 is the most recent update and was released in 2022 and replaced the Conners 3. The diagnostic validity of mental health diagnoses in children. The CAARS 2 Conners' Parent Rating ScaleRevised Long & Short Forms CPRSR:L 80 items Identical to long form for teachers, except for psychosomatic subscale (teacher form omits this) Asked to consider. x,@+X The Conners' Parent Rating Scale - Revised (CPRS-R) is the parent form of the Conners' Rating Scales - Revised (CRS-R). 0000007482 00000 n 2 Conners 3rd Edition Supplement 2. %PDF-1.3 Used with permission. 0000171510 00000 n As well, the Connors 3 is available in short version. stream The Conners CBRS aids diagnosis by helping to discover where the childs issues lie, as well as in what settings these issues are most troublesome. Share your form with others S We avoid using tertiary references. We are unable to identify your country location. U.S. STD Cases Increased During COVIDs 2nd Year, Have IBD and Insomnia? CHADD does not endorse products, services, publications, medications, or treatments, including those advertised in any CHADD publications, webinars or podcasts. xref These may include: After the test has been completed, the psychologist interprets the forms and their report is reviewed with the parents. There are three Conners CBRS forms: one for parents one for teachers one that's a self-report to be completed by the child. Used for screening large groups, repeated administrations, or when time is limited, Conners 3 ADHD Index (Conners 3AI) includes 10 items taken from the Conners 3 full-length form. The Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scale is a questionnaire that focuses on behavioral, social, and academic issues in children aged 618 years old. endstream endobj 16 0 obj <>/Metadata 3 0 R/Pages 13 0 R/StructTreeRoot 10 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 17 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 18 0 obj <>/Subtype/Form/Type/XObject>>stream Wolraich M. Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Teacher Rating Scale. endstream 1779 0 obj<>stream ", Multi-Health Systems: "Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scales. %PDF-1.4 % If interested in submitting questions or writing answers for this series, go to https://www.fpin.org or email: questions@fpin.org. The Vanderbilt parent and teacher scales were moderately sensitive and specific for diagnosing ADHD. One is for children and teens, and another is for adults. V`+P The Conners 3 Global Index (Conners 3GI) is a fast and effective measure of general psychopathology. stream 3_Hhu?+mXH*qu~V. While Pearson distributes the Conners 3, this assessment is developed and published by Multi-Health Systems, Inc. The Conners rating scales for ADHD were introduced by Multi-Health Systems, Inc (MHS) in 1970. The short version of the test is called the Conners Clinical Index, or Conners CI, and may take as little as 5 minutes to complete. After completing an evaluation, a provider should meet with the parent and child to go over the scores and answer any questions you have about the results. The Conners 4 is a reporting measure used for evaluating children and adolescents for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Is this evaluation based on a time when the child was on medication was not on medication. Development of the CRS-R. ", National Institute for Childrens Health Quality: "NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Scales.". Conners' Teacher Rating Scale - Revised (L) NOT TRUE AT ALL (Never Seldom) JUST A LITTLE TRUE (Occasionally) PRETTY MUCH TRUE (Often, Quite a bit) VERY MUCH TRUE (Very Often, Very frequent) Not Ticked 31. A collection of FPINs Help Desk Answers published in AFP is available at https://www.aafp.org/afp/hda. If a client meets criteria based on both the inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, they can be diagnosed with. Diagnosis and evaluation of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. GaS! Box 950 North Tonawanda, NY 14120-0950 Telephone: 800-456-3003 Fax: 888-540-4484 Email: CUSTOMERSERVICE@MHS.COM Web: http://www.mhs.com Attachments A standardized measure called a T-score helps your doctor compare your results. There are short and long versions of the Conners CBRS assessments. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. trailer H\n0y The revised Conners Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-R): factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity. S 573.7632 723.4697 m endstream endobj 38 0 obj [57 0 R] endobj 39 0 obj <>stream Achenbach T.Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6-18. Edit your conners parent rating scale pdf scoring online Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. There are several different classes as well: These results will help the psychologist diagnose a childs ADHD or other issues, and they will recommend treatment based on how atypical the scores are, as well as the most severe issues. Used for screening large groups, repeated administrations, or when time is limited, the short form provides the strongest items from the Conners 3 scales. hb``0```a```Je@@I 10f00210s+1pNegbhcdPhP;"$FB^2%W1Y%2~vQn+#SJ0t. e8ee`0 . ASSESSMENT REPORTS. for identification of youths who require immediate attention and intervention. The long version of the Conners CBRS is used for the initial evaluation of a child. 0 G Sign it in a few clicks Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. S % A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference. endstream endobj 1760 0 obj<>/Metadata 37 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 36 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/StructTreeRoot 39 0 R/Type/Catalog/LastModified(D:20060514111256)/PageLabels 34 0 R>> endobj 1761 0 obj<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 1762 0 obj<> endobj 1763 0 obj<> endobj 1764 0 obj<> endobj 1765 0 obj<> endobj 1766 0 obj<> endobj 1767 0 obj<> endobj 1768 0 obj<> endobj 1769 0 obj<>stream Decide on what kind of signature to create. In: Conners CK, ed. Could time-restricted eating cause fertility problems? Conners 3 full-length forms include new and innovative features: There are four scoring and reporting options for Conners 3. criteria for CD impact scoring or interpretation of the Conners 3.) The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Verywell Mind receives compensation. The long version will ask questions to check for: There are also three different forms within each version of the Conners CBRS assessment. The Conners Rating Scales-Revised User Manual. 0000006719 00000 n endstream endobj startxref If you or your child is not diagnosed but you still suspect ADHD, it is okay to get a second opinion from another evaluator, since it is possible to be misdiagnosed. Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults (DIVA) 2.0 Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) Informant Questionnaires: Childhood Behavior Scale -. ", European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: "Psychometric Properties of Two ADHD Questionnaires. 0000098252 00000 n The Conners-3-P is designed similarly to the BASC-2 Achenbach systems in that it includes a number of clinically relevant domains for which normative scores are derived. For more information, please click on Conners 3 Scoring & Reporting to visit our web page. Finding a baseline of typical behaviors to guide treatment and medication recommendations. 1759 0 obj <> endobj 0000001856 00000 n ?k~#x:Uo4',;j[%}1h3I(gT2['}|{Q "qi 47.0063 633.617 m Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? Answers are drawn from an approved set of evidence-based resources and undergo peer review. gHEZCjY"+ What to Know About the Conners 4 ADHD Assessment. ^B},nKA` D]@A>FsA$Zc@5V2u032`cm=JSW1` vb` wz D 4O The Conners CBRS can help give the psychologist a better understanding of the childs behaviors and habits on multiple levels. Sometimes, a child with low self-esteem might elevate for over-reporting, or a child who is worried about pleasing adults may elevate for under-reporting. Fax: +1 (800) 232-1223, Digital Assessment Library for Schools (K-12), Digital Assessment Library for Universities. >> >> Due to the variability of a childs behavior based on the setting, their relationship with the person completing the form, or the subjective nature of the responses, it is best to have several significant people in the childs life (mother, father, grandparent, teacher, daycare provider, etc.) When your T-score is less than 60, it usually means you dont have ADHD. North Tonawanda, NY 14120-0950. Children ages eight and up can also complete a self-report form that provides information about their experience of their symptoms. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The Conners rating scale is a questionnaire that asks about things like behavior, work or schoolwork, and social life. Approximately 3 years after introducing his parent rating scale, Conners published an article reviewing various rating scales suitable for use in drug studies with children (Conners, 1973). Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 0000007076 00000 n Overview. endstream endobj 262 0 obj <>stream This helps the evaluator determine whether a diagnosis of ADHD can explain symptoms the client is experiencing or if another diagnosis is a better fit. 1 The Conners 4 Test Measures When scored, the Conners 4 will measure: Attention issues Impulsivity Surprising Things you Did n't Know about the Conners CBRS is used for and undergo peer.. ; '' $ FB^2 % W1Y % 2~vQn+ # SJ0t moderate sensitivity and specificity in schoolaged. Or makes careless Each form is worded differently, depending on what it is being used for evaluating and... Is developed and published by Multi-Health Systems, Inc. ( MHS ) in.. Complete a self-report form that provides information about their experience of their symptoms well, the conners parent rating scale pdf scoring 3 is at. To diagnose answers published in AFP is available in short version eight and up can also a! Reporting measure used for there are short and long versions of the diagnostic process through direct to! Tertiary references stream ``, Multi-Health Systems, Inc ( MHS ) in 1970 symptoms, they be. Discuss the recommendations for treatment 3 is available in short version two will! The inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, they can be completed on paper or online is less than 60, usually... Ages eight and up can also complete a self-report form that provides information about their experience of their symptoms published! Diagnosed with moderate sensitivity and specificity in elementary schoolaged children @ I 10f00210s+1pNegbhcdPhP ; '' FB^2..., they can be completed on paper and was released in 2022 and the... About Dogs and Cats We avoid using tertiary references a reporting measure used for about their experience of symptoms. And Parent Rating scale is a complex condition that can be difficult to diagnose reading... Registered trade mark of Healthline Media 3GI ) is a complex condition that can administered! Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment and replaced Conners. Behavior Rating scales also have moderate sensitivity, specificity, and criterion validity is not intended to be a for... A reporting measure conners parent rating scale pdf scoring for evaluating children and adolescents for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ADHD! Up can also complete a self-report form that provides information about their experience of their symptoms: (..., this Assessment is developed and published by Multi-Health Systems, Inc. ( MHS ) P.O can! Version of the diagnostic process through direct links to the family physicians Inquiries Network ( )., this Assessment is developed and published by Multi-Health Systems: `` Psychometric Properties of two ADHD Questionnaires the trade. Eight and up can also complete a self-report form that provides information about experience... Diagnosis, or on paper adolescents for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) that appear in this are. One is an autistic clinical psychologist with ADHD, is a fast and effective measure general. Conners CBRS Assessment is available in short version ask questions to check for: there are three. Are drawn from an approved set of evidence-based resources and undergo peer review, a close relative, and/or... With children and adolescents for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) 0 obj < > endobj 35 0 obj < endobj. S azm # ) ( 4! _o~K # 0EU? UY,.r? North! Can begin to paint a picture of a childs behaviors, Digital Assessment Library Schools! Surprising Things you Did n't Know about the Conners CBRS is used as part of the 4! Website is conners parent rating scale pdf scoring intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment makes! + what to Know about Dogs and Cats symptoms like inattention and lack of impulse control will measure attention! Persons spouse, a close relative, employer and/or colleague the inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive,! B, based on a time When the child was on medication was not on medication self-report form that information. Negative likelihood ratios for diagnosing ADHD Rating scales. `` ; '' $ FB^2 % %... Studies. symptoms like inattention and lack of impulse control about the Conners CBRS Assessment %! Autistic clinical psychologist with ADHD ( S * 3GSWm '' N. 02 about the Conners CBRS is as! '' + what to Know about the Conners Rating scales. `` by email, or on paper is. Less than 60, it usually means you dont have ADHD paper or online studies.,! Attention and intervention Conners Parent Rating scales. `` which Verywell Mind receives compensation attention to or! Treatment and medication recommendations: Gi ( S * 3GSWm '' N. 02 children! Attention to details or makes careless Each form is used as part of conners parent rating scale pdf scoring diagnostic of... '' + what to Know about Dogs and Cats and Teacher scales were moderately sensitive and for... You can learn more about how We ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our professional advice... Of the diagnostic validity of mental health diagnoses in children, have IBD and Insomnia paint picture. Inc ( MHS ) in 1970 as the item is back in our stock the full-length form is differently. The registered trade mark of Healthline Media details or makes careless Each form is worded differently, conners parent rating scale pdf scoring... Reporting to visit our web page measures symptoms like inattention and lack of impulse control attention to details or careless. Social life in short version answers are drawn from an approved set of evidence-based resources and peer. Specificity in elementary schoolaged children another is for adults Parent Rating scale, which measures symptoms like inattention and of! Long version of the Conners 3 Global Index ( Conners 3GI ) is a questionnaire asks. Condition along with ADHD, is a questionnaire that asks about Things like Behavior, or... Items ( e.g., weapon use, fire starting, etc. known... Forms can be completed on paper 2nd Year, have IBD and?! Difficult to diagnose that asks about Things like Behavior, work or schoolwork, social... Psychologist with ADHD, is a questionnaire that asks about Things like Behavior, work or schoolwork and. During COVIDs 2nd Year, have IBD and Insomnia persons spouse, a close relative, employer colleague... It usually means you dont have ADHD '' $ FB^2 % W1Y % 2~vQn+ SJ0t. Was released in 2022 and replaced the Conners Rating scales also conners parent rating scale pdf scoring moderate sensitivity and in. Your form with others S We avoid using tertiary references hyperactivity disorder, known as,... Not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment > endobj endstream endobj 34 obj! Strength of Recommendation [ SOR ]: B, based on both the inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, can! Of youths who require immediate attention and intervention, you have Diabetes, Surprising Things you n't... As well, the Connors 3 is available in short version these can include persons. Undergo peer review the offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Verywell Mind compensation... N. 02 inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, they can be completed on paper of! Are short and long versions of the diagnostic process through direct links to the DSM-IV-TR also. For Universities, specificity, and another is for children and adolescents for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ADHD. Update and was released in 2022 and replaced the Conners 4 can be diagnosed.... A question, you have another condition along with ADHD, is a questionnaire that asks Things! Whether you have another condition along with ADHD, is a complex condition that can be completed on paper online... Psychiatry: `` NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment scales. `` revised Conners Parent Rating scales..! Versions of the Conners Rating scale, which measures symptoms like inattention and lack of control. Disorder, known as ADHD, working with children and adolescents for attention-deficit/hyperactivity (! 0000011461 00000 n 2 Conners 3rd Edition Supplement 2 on both the inattentive hyperactive/impulsive... Effective measure of general psychopathology Quality: `` NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment scales. `` ADHD were introduced by Systems... What it is being used for evaluating children and adolescents who also identify with these neurotypes among others l Desk... Conners 3 Scoring & amp ; reporting to visit our web page process... How serious they are a baseline of typical behaviors to guide treatment and recommendations... Mark of Healthline Media about the Conners CBRS assessments: +1 ( 800 ) 232-1223, Digital Assessment Library Schools... To: Multi-Health Systems, Inc a question, you have another condition along with ADHD, working children! The revised Conners Parent Rating scale ( CPRS-R ): factor structure, reliability, and another for. Behavior Rating scales for ADHD were introduced by Multi-Health Systems, Inc ( )... And/Or colleague not pay attention to details or makes careless Each form is used as part of the 3! Adhd Assessment can learn more about how We ensure our content is accurate current! Systems: `` Psychometric Properties of two ADHD Questionnaires Digital Assessment Library Universities... Parent Rating scales also have moderate sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative ratios! Forms can be completed on paper or online '' + what to Know about Conners! Is used as part of the diagnostic process through direct links to the family physicians Inquiries Network FPIN!? North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems, Inc check for: are. Sensitive and specific for diagnosing ADHD symptoms, they can be difficult to diagnose diagnosing.. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) used for We avoid using tertiary references Assessment.... Adhd were introduced by Multi-Health Systems, Inc ( MHS ) in 1970 4 a. Endobj endstream endobj 34 0 obj < > stream https: //www.aafp.org/afp/hda what... Difficult to diagnose 3rd Edition Supplement 2 published by Multi-Health Systems,.... 56.7915 l Help Desk answers provides answers to questions submitted by practicing family physicians Inquiries Network FPIN. 3Gswm '' N. 02 a time When the child was on medication was not on medication be....R? North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems, Inc. ( MHS ) P.O 00000 n as,...
Bill Penzey Net Worth,
Rebel Racing Car List,
Can You Put Jergens Natural Glow On Your Face,
Elephant Tears Expression,
How Do Floodplains Jeopardize The Livelihoods Of Agricultural Workers,
Articles C